对比状语从句来记忆:
2 不定式作状语
(1)不定式作目的状语(to ,in order to(为了) ,so as to (这样))
举例:
我是来看你的—i came here to see you.
为了能赶上第一班公车,他起的很早—in order to catch the first bus,he got up very early.
他弯下腰去捡笔—he bent down so as to pick up the pen.
(2)不定式作原因状语(to)
一般都是主系表结构,且表语是人的情绪。举例:见到你我很开心—i am glad to see you.
(3)不定式作结果状语
to 这位年轻人非常愿意帮助我—this young man is very pleasure to help me.
so..as to/such…as to(太…以至于…)
你能行行好借我点钱吗—could you please be so kind as to lend me some money.
你能行行好借我点钱吗—could you please be such kind man as to lend me some money.
only to(有点惊讶,译为“结果却是”) 我要开门,却发现门是锁住了—i am going to open the door only to find it was locked inside.
too…to(太…以至于不能…) 他太年轻了以至于不能上学—he is too young to go to school.
enough…to(足够的) 他很勇敢,敢在晚上一个人出门—he is brave enough to go out alone at night.
3 分词作状语
再讲每个具体的状语之前,首先介绍一点细节:
用分词作状语时,要首先判断是主动还是被动
当表示有明显的先后顺序且是主动的时候,用“having done”;当表示有明显的先后顺序且是被动的时候,用“having been done”。
否定直接在分词前加“not”
(1)分词作时间状语
用了很长时间之后,这本书显得很旧—used it for a long time,the book looked very old.
用这本书的时候,我发现它很有用—using this book , i found it was very useful.
第二句也可以这样表述:when using this book , i found it was very useful.这是因为分词既可以用作时间状语,也可以用作其他状语,加上连接词能更加具体一点,上边两种表述都是正确的。
(2)分词作原因状语
没有地方去,那个人就在街上闲逛—having no place to go ,that man wandered on the street.
(3)分词作条件状语
多给点时间,他就能做的更好—given more time , he can do it better.
(4)分词作让步状语
那么努力工作,他还是失败了—working so hard , he failed.
(5)分词作结果状语
他回家很晚,让他的爸爸很生气—he got home late making his father angry.
(6)分词作方式状语
他看着窗外,好像在思考—he is looking through window,as if thinking.(不加上连词还能理解成伴随状语,加上就具体了)
(7)分词作伴随状语
他进来了,后面跟着他的女儿—he came in followed by his daught.
老师跟着学生进来了—the teacher came in following students.